Merge 2-2

[netatalk.git] / doc / README.AppleTalk

This is a README for the major platforms where Netatalk is in use. 

Platforms Covered:
A.   Linux
B.   Tru64
C.   Solaris
D.I  OpenBSD
D.II Other BSDs
E.   SunOS
F.   Generic

----------------------------------------------------------------

A. Linux

We no longer include linux kernel code with netatalk, since Linux now
includes AppleTalk support.

1.  MAKE CONFIG.  Configure your kernel with "make config".  Answer yes
    to "AppleTalk DDP" support.

2.  INSTALL KERNEL.  Make and install your kernel.  Be sure to update
    your boot blocks!

3.  Linux 2.2.x provides the sendfile() call. This reduces overhead
    when sending/copying files. This option will be autoconfigured on
    compile. NOTE: you might run into problems if you have this option
    compiled in and you switch to a machine running an os < 2.2.x.


Netatalk supplies two different types of Appletalk servers and both
can run at the same time. Classic Appletalk requires afpd and
atalkd. Appletalk over IP only requires afpd.

Classic Appletalk on GNU/Linux requires that CONFIG_ATALK is compiled
into the kernel or as a kernel module. To check to see if the kernel
has Appletalk installed:

$> dmesg | grep Apple
This just parses the boot messages for any line containing
'Apple'.

To see all the  loaded modules (as root):
$> lsmod

If you don't find it, you may have to compile a kernel and turn on
Appletalk in Networking options -> Appletalk DDP. You have an option
to install as a module or directly into the kernel.

Some default distribution kernels have already compiled Appletalk DDP
as a module, you may have to edit your /etc/modules.conf to include:
"alias net-pf-5 appletalk ".

Note: check your distribution documentation about editing
/etc/modules.conf.

For more complete information about the Linux kernel see the
Kernel-HOWTO:
http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/Kernel-HOWTO.html

A note for RedHat users: You may need to install the glibc-devel
package to be able to compile Netatalk correctly.

----------------------------------------------------------------

B. TRU64

This is the Tru64 README file for netatalk.

1.  Unfortunately, AppleTalk is not available for Digital Unix or Tru64.
    The reason for this is the kernel patches which Netatalk requires
    cannot be ported to Tru64. If anyone has the kernel source of Tru64
    they are welcomed to port the AppleTalk modules themselves.

    As a result, only AppleShare over IP (ASIP) works with Tru64. That
    is, the program afpd. papd and atalkd compile, but doesn't really
    work. Anything that requires AppleTalk doesn't work.

2.  Netatalk compiles on Tru64 V4.0D or higher using either the built-in
    DEC C compiler or GCC V2.95.3. Also, either the Tru64 make command or
    GNU make can be used. Netatalk supports Tru64's Security Integration
    Architecture (SIA) and runs on machines configured for Base (BSD) or
    Enhanced (OSFC2) Security without recompilation.

3.  A peculiar bug in Netatalk has been noticed on a single Tru64
    machine. However, because other Tru64 machines have not affected, a
    patch will not be forthcoming until the circumstances where the bug
    hits is isolated and a more elegant and appropriate patch can be
    found. In the meantime, there is a description of the bug below. Any
    users affected can attempt the workarounds provided. The user is
    urged to report this to the mailing list so that this bug can be
    isolated and removed.

    HAVE_GCC_MEMCPY_BUG
    Description -
       It appears that memcpy() under Tru64 can fail under some
    circumstances. This maybe due to the fact that Netatalk is compiled
    with gcc, but since only gcc can compile Netatalk, this is a mute
    point.

    Symptoms -
       The symptoms of this bug is that a 18432 byte file uploaded to
    the server would upload correctly, but a 18433 byte file would
    result in a sparse file many megabytes big (16MB+). However, due to
    the low-level nature of memcpy(), there is no reason why other
    symptoms could not occur.

    Workarounds -
       There are two known workarounds at this stage.
    - The first is to #define the macro HAVE_GCC_MEMCPY_BUG. This forces
    netatalk to use bcopy() in a few (but not all) cases within the code
    and is enough to stop the bug from occurring. This is the easiest
    workaround and would merely alter the standard compilation steps to

    CFLAGS="-DHAVE_GCC_MEMCPY_BUG" ./configure [...]
    make
    make install

    - The second workaround is to manually remove the optimisation flag
    "-O2" from within configure and/or configure.in. Although, this
    isn't the preferred workaround, it shows that the compiler is
    (at least) partially at fault.

----------------------------------------------------------------

C. SOLARIS

1.  SELECT COMPILER.  This distribution is configured to build with
    gcc.  It should also work with cc. At the present time only cc
    v5.0 and gcc 3.1 and above can build the 64-bit kernel module.

1a. SELECT KERNEL TYPE.  Edit sys/solaris/Makefile.kernel and set KCFLAGS
     to include sparcv9 support if you run a 64-bit kernel, or leave it
     commented out for a 32-bit kernel. Only UltraSPARC systems
     running Solaris 7 and above support a 64-bit kernel. If you're
     not sure what kernel you use, run "isainfo -v". You're running a
     64-bit kernel if the result includes 64-bit (sparcv9), otherwize
     it's 32-bit.

     NOTE: If you want both the 32-bit and 64-bit kernel modules to be
     installed, first compile and install the version appropriate to
     the kernel that you're currently running, then make clean,
     compile and install the other version.

2.  EDIT NETCONFIG.  Add the following line to /etc/netconfig:

        ddp tpi_clts - appletalk ddp /dev/ddp -

    This makes the socket library aware of the AppleTalk protocol
    family.

3.  INSTALL DRIVER.  Since the STREAMS ddp driver must be installed as
    root, we've separated that portion of the build.  Type

        make -f Makefile.kernel kinstall

    to install the driver.  This copies the driver and its config file
    into /usr/kernel/drv and /usr/kernel/strmod, runs "add_drv ddp" to
    make the kernel aware of the new driver, and adds an rc file to
    /etc/rc?.d. Watch out for error messages after it runs  add_drv.
    If you see something like
      devfsadm: driver failed to attach: ddp
      Warning: Driver (ddp) successfully added to system but failed to attach
    then recheck sys/solaris/Makefile.kernel and/or try a different
    compiler.

4.  ATALKD.CONF.  Under Solaris, you must create atalkd.conf, since
    Solaris provides no method for determining the names of the
    available interfaces.  It is sufficent to name the available
    interfaces in atalkd.conf, one per line.  E.g.

        le0

    on a line by itself on many Suns. hme0 on Ultras.  See atalkd(8).

5.  PRINTING.  Netatalk can use any postscript printer that has been set
    up for use by Solaris. If you haven't already set up a printer,
    type admintool then select Browse --> Printers, and then Edit --> Add
    and fill in the form for either a local or remote printer. If adding
    a local printer, set the Printer Type to PostScript. Then find a
    postscript file and test your printer from the command line. For
    example if you created a printer called "fred" your print command
    would be something like:  lp -d fred some_file.ps

    Once you have a printer that works under Solaris, you need to create
    a papd.conf file. For example

      MacLaserjet:\
          :pr=|/usr/bin/lp -d fred:\
          :op=nobody:\
          :pd=/usr/local/etc/HPLJ_4M.PPD:

    See doc/CONFIGURE for more information on papd.conf.
    Once you have this set up, and assuming netatalk starts up after
      /etc/rc2.d/S79atalk start
    you should be able to see the printer from the Macintosh Chooser.

----------------------------------------------------------------

D.I OpenBSD

1.  KERNEL SUPPORT. Note that kernel support for netatalk appears in
    OpenBSD 2.2,  or openbsd-current dated after Aug 1, 1997. But the
    'comment out' character must be removed and the kernel must be
    recompiled.

    The kernel file that needs to be edited is usually located in:
    /usr/src/sys/conf

    Remove the first comment (#) from this line:
    # option          NETATALK        # AppleTalk

    Generally this is the GENERIC kernal. If you decide to rename 
    the kernel, don't forget to go to 
    /usr/src/sys/arch/<your arch>/conf/NEWNAME, and change the 
    ../../../conf/GENERIC line to your NEWNAME. See 
    http://www.openbsd.org/faq/faq5.html for more information on 
    compiling a new kernel.

2.  STARTING NETATALK. The rc scripts that come with openbsd to
    start netatalk are specific to an older version of netatalk.
    So, if you use the initscript provided in a current netatalk's
    distrib/initscripts directory, you must either add the lines
    from rc.atalk.bsd by hand into /etc/rc.local (or wherever you
    want to launch the daemons from) or modify your /etc/rc.local
    file to read: 

    (currently says)

    # Netatalk stuff
    if [ -f /etc/netatalk/rc.atalk ]; then
            . /etc/netatlk/rc.atalk
    fi

    (change to) 

    # Netatalk stuff
    if [ -f /etc/rc.atalk ]; then
            . /etc/rc.atalk
    fi

    and copy netatalk/distrib/initscripts/rc.atalk.bsd to /etc/rc.atalk.

D.II Other BSDs

1.  KERNEL SUPPORT. Note that kernel support for netatalk appears in
    FreeBSD 2.2-current dated after 12 September 1996.

    Add the line

        options NETATALK

    to the config file for your kernel.  Rebuild and install your
    kernel.  Reboot.

----------------------------------------------------------------

E. SunOS

1.  KERNEL MODULE. This version of netatalk requires that your kernel
    be configured with

        options VDDRV

    The loadable kernel module is made and installed during the normal
    make and make install.  NOTE:  Unloading the kernel module may not
    work correctly and may cause your kernel to panic, hang, or do
    other nasty things.

----------------------------------------------------------------

F. Generic

(It's unknown how applicable this is compared to the current codebase)

    The generic system profile is for use on systems that don't have native
    appletalk support. For those systems, it should still be possible to get
    the AFP/tcp portion of netatalk to still work.
    
    To do that, you will need the following information:

        1) Endian order: If your machine does not specify the
           byte-order in netinet/in.h, you may need to modify
           netatalk/endian.h.

        2) Integer sizes: If your machine does not define intX_t and
           u_intX_t, you will need to define them in
           netatalk/endian.h. To ease matters, you can specify
           _ISOC9X_SOURCE if you have inttypes.h, HAVE_64BIT_LONGS for
           64 bit machines, or HAVE_32BIT_LONGS for 32 bit
           machines. NOTE: you should only use HAVE_32/64BIT_LONGS on
           machines that don't have a header file somewhere with the
           integer sizes. If you have a file with all the relevant
           bits, modify netatalk/endian.h to include it.

        3) Quota/statfs information: You may be able to get away with
           either BSD4_4 or __svr4__, but that's unlikely if your os
           is some bizarre hybrid. If you don't have quota support,
           just specify NO_QUOTA_SUPPORT. In addition, if you'll need
           to specify the include file that gets statfs() (usually
           either USE_VFS_H or USE_STATFS_H although BSD4_4 and
           __svr4__ bring in a set of include files for that). Look at
           etc/afpd/quota.c, unix.c, and unix.h for more information.
           Finally, if you have a really old version of rquota, you
           can define USE_OLD_RQUOTA as well.

        4) path information for lock/spool/printer files. you'll need
           to specify -D_PATH_LOCKDIR if include/atalk/paths.h doesn't
           have the correct paths specified for printer info and lock
           files. 

    Beyond that, you should make sure that your operating system looks and
    smells like a Un*x POSIXy operating system. The only operating systems
    that netatalk supports that don't quite fit that description are
    sunos 4 and ultrix. If your operating system is peculiar, you may need
    to add in compatibility routines (libatalk/compat,
    include/atalk/compat.h) to make it look more like the others. 
    
    If you would like native AppleTalk support, you will need kernel support 
    for your operating system. Look at the Solaris STREAMS module if your
    operating system supports that framework. Otherwise, look at the ddp
    code in FreeBSD, NetBSD, or OpenBSD if your operating system is BSDish
    in nature. If your operating system looks different than these two
    cases, you'll have to roll your own implementation.